Women’s Labour Force Participation in India

The Economic Impact of Women’s Non-Participation in the Labour Market

In India, the non-participation of married women in the workforce has profound economic implications, particularly considering their significant presence within the working-age population.

Understanding Labour Market Dynamics

Despite the global advancements, the female labour force participation rate (LFPR) remains notably low. Research indicates a decline in LFPR for women in India, emphasizing a persistent gender disparity in the workforce. Economist Claudia Goldin’s work highlights the complex patterns behind this trend, underlining the economic history and the existing inequalities prevalent in the contemporary labour market.

Challenges Faced by Married Women

Marriage often leads to reduced LFPR among women due to various factors such as limited education, societal constraints, and amplified domestic responsibilities. This trend signifies the substantial impact of social and cultural norms on women’s participation in the workforce.

Insight into the Indian Context

Data from the NSSO Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) indicates that marriage significantly influences women’s labour market outcomes. There has been a noticeable decline in the LFPR among married women aged 25 to 49 years, suggesting the urgency of addressing this issue to ensure their economic inclusion and empowerment.

Implementing Solutions for Greater Involvement

To encourage women’s participation, it is crucial to focus on improving accessibility to quality day-care services and creating work environments that cater to their specific needs. Initiatives such as the National Creche Scheme for The Children of Working Mothers, alongside the expansion of part-time job opportunities, can play a pivotal role in enhancing women’s involvement in the labour market. Emphasizing the need for secure transportation options further complements these efforts.

Source: The Hindu – Women, Marriage, and Labour Market Participation