Prelims: Indian Economy (Schemes), National livestock Mission, Breeds of Indigenous Livestock Species
Mains: General Studies-III, Issues related to Direct and Indirect Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices; Public Distribution System – Objectives, Functioning, Limitations, Revamping; Issues of Buffer Stocks and Food Security; Technology Missions; Economics of Animal-Rearing.
Why in the News ?
The union cabinet recently approved the incorporation of additional activities into the National Livestock Mission.
Source: PIB
Key Facts 🗝️
National Livestock Mission:
- Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal husbandry and Dairying.
- Launch: Year 2014-15. It has been updated and realigned from fiscal year 2021-22.
- Dairy is the single-largest agri commodity in India. It contributes 5% to the national economy and employs 80 million dairy farmers directly.
📌 FYI on Prelims:
Breeds of Indigenous Livestock Species
- Kathani cattle (Maharashtra), Sanchori cattle (Rajasthan) and Masilum cattle (Meghalaya);
- Purnathadi buffalo (Maharashtra)
- Sojat goat (Rajasthan), Karauli goat (Rajasthan) and Gujari goat (Rajasthan)
- Banda pig (Jharkhand), Manipuri Black pig (Manipur) and Wak Chambil pig (Meghalaya).
About:
National Livestock Mission
- It is designed to enhance both the quantity and quality of livestock production systems. Also, it seeks to improve the capabilities of all stakeholders involved.
- The scheme was implemented as a sub scheme of White Revolution – Rashtriya Pashudhan Vikas Yojana since April 2019.
- Objective: This mission is formulated with the objective of sustainable development in the livestock sector. It focuses on improving the availability of quality feed and fodder. Sub-Missions included:
- Sub-Mission on Breed improvement of Livestock and Poultry
- Sub-Mission of Feed & Fodder
- Sub-Mission on Innovation and Extension.
- Activities: The realigned NLM comprises 10 activities aimed at fostering entrepreneurship development, improving feed and fodder, promoting research and innovation, and enhancing livestock insurance.
Additional activities included in the National Livestock Mission
- Entrepreneurship in conservation of horse, donkey, mule, camel:
- Individuals, FPOs, SHGs, Joint Liability group (JLGs), Farmers Cooperative societies (FCOs), and Section 8 companies can receive a 50% capital subsidy, up to 50 lakhs, for establishing entrepreneurship in horse, donkey, mule, and camel sectors.
- The state government will receive assistance for conserving horse, donkey, and camel breeds.
- Fodder seed processing Infrastructure: Entrepreneurs can establish Fodder seed processing Infrastructure with a 50% capital subsidy up to Rs. 50 lakhs. It covers private companies, start-ups, SHGs, FPOs, FCOs, JLGs, FCO, and Section 8 companies.
- Fodder cultivation- To expand fodder cultivation, the state government will receive assistance for cultivating fodder in non-forest lands, wastelands, range lands, non-arable areas, and degraded forest lands.
- Livestock Insurance programme-
- The Livestock Insurance program has now been simplified, with reduction in farmers’ premium to 15% from current rates of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%.
- The premium will be shared by the Centre and the State at 60:40 for all states, 90:10 for certain regions.
- The number of animals to be insured has also been increased to 10 cattle units instead of 5 units for cattle, sheep, and goats.
- Entrepreneurship in conservation of horse, donkey, mule, camel:
UPSC CSE EXAMS Corner
Mains: PYQ/FAQ
Q. Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non-farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India. (2015)
