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Prelims: Culture (festivals-tribes)
Keywords to be focused – Koya Tribe, Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary

Mains: General Studies I– Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.

Why in News 

Medaram Jatara festival is being celebrated in state of Telangana.

Source: TH

Key Facts 🗝️

  • Medaram Jatara is the second-largest fair/festival of India. (Kumbh-Mela is largest festival in India)
  • It is celebrated by the second-largest Tribal Community of Telangana, the Koya tribe.
  • It was declared a State Festival in 1998.
  • Ministry of Tribal Affairs grants various funds for activities related to the festival.
  • Sammakka and saralamma are revered for their revolt against 12th century kakatiya dynasty levy taxes during drought period.

About 

  • Medaram Jatara is known as Sammakka Saralamma Jatara festival
  • It is a tribal festival honoring the fight of a mother and daughter, Sammakka and Saralamma, with the reigning rulers against an unjust law.
  • It is celebrated in the state of Telangana. It begins at Medaram in Tadvai Mandal in Warangal district.
    • Medaram is a place in the Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary, a part of Dandakaranya, the largest surviving forest belt in the region.
  • It is celebrated once in two years in the month of “Magha” (February) on the full moon day, last time celebrated in 2022
  • People offer bangaram/gold (jaggery) of a quantity equal to their weight to the goddesses and take holy bath in river Jampanna Vagu, a tributary to River Godavari.

Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary

  • It is a part of the Dandakaranya forests of Mulugu district, Telangana.
  • Godavari River passes through the sanctuary.
  • It is inhabited by the Koya tribes. 

Koya Tribe – 

  • Largest adivasi tribe of Telangana and listed as Scheduled Tribe in Telangana.
  • Habitat: Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, Godavari river is their main lifeline for socio-eco survival.
  • They are settled agriculturist , grow jowar, bajra and millets
  • Language : Koya dialect

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